🔍 Understanding Female Anatomy & Cervical Screening
**Anatomy Basics:**
- The **vagina** is a muscular canal about **3 to 4 inches (7.5 to 10 cm)** long. It connects the external genital area to the **cervix**, which is the lower, narrow part of the **uterus**.
- At the top of the vaginal canal is the **cervix**, a small, donut-shaped structure with an opening (called the *os*) that allows fluids out (like menstruation) and sperm in.
- During arousal or childbirth, the vagina can lengthen and become more flexible.
**Tampons vs. Exams:**
- A **tampon** sits in the lower or middle part of the vaginal canal, usually about **1.5 to 2 inches** in length, far from the cervix.
- A **Pap smear** or **cervical screening exam** involves a provider inserting a **speculum** to view and access the cervix. A soft brush or spatula is then used to collect cells directly from the cervix’s surface.
- The **average erect penis** (5.1 to 5.5 inches) may reach the cervix during deep penetration, but it doesn't pass through it; the cervix generally stays closed unless during childbirth or certain fertility procedures.
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### 🧪 Cervical Cancer Screening: More Than Just a Swab
**Cervical cancer screening** involves two main types of tests:
- **Pap smear**: Detects abnormal cell changes in the cervix that might lead to cancer.
- **HPV test**: Screens for high-risk strains of **human papillomavirus**, the virus responsible for most cervical cancers.
Increasingly, **at-home devices** are being markete