Russia has developed personalized therapeutic cancer vaccines and has already begun clinical use of a personalized mRNA vaccine for a patient with melanoma. In April 2026, Russian authorities announced that personalized cancer vaccines had been incorporated into the country’s state-funded healthcare program, allowing eligible Russian patients to receive the treatments without payment. The vaccines are designed for specific cancers and individual patients rather than serving as a single vaccine for every type of cancer. Current Russian programs include personalized mRNA and peptide-based vaccines, with treatment being developed for cancers such as melanoma and other tumors. The free-access program applies to patients within Russia’s healthcare system.