Cold War Collision: Supersonic Bomber, XB-70 Valkyrie
The XB70 Valkyrie was a Cold War era bomber built by North American Aviation to deliver nuclear weapons deep into Soviet territory. It could reach Mach 3, over 2,000 miles per hour, and soar above 70,000 feet, relying on speed and altitude to avoid interceptors and surface to air missiles. The massive delta wing aircraft, 185 feet long and weighing over 500,000 pounds, had folding wingtips for stability at high speeds. Only two prototypes were built to test advanced aerodynamics and materials for future bombers. The Valkyrie symbolized American ambition and the race for supersonic flight.
On June 8, 1966, tragedy struck during a demonstration at the Paris Air Show. The second XB70 flew in formation with smaller planes, including an F104 Starfighter piloted by Major Joe Walker. During a photo pass at roughly 1,000 miles per hour, the F104’s wingtip clipped the Valkyrie’s right wing, sending the bomber twisting violently and rolling out of control. The aircraft disintegrated midair, scattering debris and erupting in a massive fireball visible to thousands.
Major Joe Walker and XB70 copilot Major Carl Cross were killed instantly, while pilot Major Al White ejected and survived despite serious injuries. The crash revealed the extreme dangers of formation flying at supersonic speed, where even minor contact could cause catastrophic loss.
Investigators found turbulence from the Valkyrie’s large delta wing and small flight path errors by the F104 triggered the collision. The XB70’s size and speed left almost no time to recover. Engineers used the findings to improve aircraft control and formation procedures for future supersonic programs.
The surviving XB70 continued flights until 1969, providing crucial data that shaped the design of later aircraft such as the B1 bomber and Concorde. Today, it stands in the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force in Dayton, Ohio, a lasting reminder of ambition, innovation, and the risks of advanced aviation.
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